Off-Road Use: Registration Requirements
In Maryland, dirt bikes used exclusively off-road are considered All-Terrain Vehicles (ATVs) and must be registered with the Maryland Department of Natural Resources (DNR). This applies to all off-highway vehicles (OHVs), including dirt bikes, that are operated on public land, public ice, or designated riding areas and trails.
- Registration Requirements:
- All OHVs must be registered annually with the DNR and display a registration sticker.
- The registration decal issued by the Motor Vehicle Administration (MVA) will not be recognized by the DNR for use on authorized DNR trails.
- Nonresident machines must display a valid Maryland OHV nonresident user permit and, if the home state requires registration, that registration must also be displayed.
- All OHVs must be registered annually with the DNR and display a registration sticker.
- Registration Process:
- Machines must be registered through the DNR’s online portal or at designated licensing centers.
- The annual renewal period for registrations without penalty is from September 1st through December 31st.
- Machines must be registered through the DNR’s online portal or at designated licensing centers.
- Title Requirements:
- Titles are required on all new and transferred snowmobiles since January 1998 and all ATVs and ORVs since January 2000.
- Titles are required on all new and transferred snowmobiles since January 1998 and all ATVs and ORVs since January 2000.
- Helmet and Eye Protection:
- Operators and passengers under 18 are required to wear a DOT-approved helmet when operating or riding on an OHV.
- Eye protection is recommended for all riders, regardless of age.
- Operators and passengers under 18 are required to wear a DOT-approved helmet when operating or riding on an OHV.
- Age Restrictions:
- Operators under 12 are prohibited from operating an OHV on public lands or designated riding areas unless they are taking a prescribed safety training course and operating under the direct supervision of a certified instructor.
- Operators aged 12 through 17 are required to have completed an approved safety course and carry the safety certificate when operating on public lands or designated riding areas.
- Operators under 12 are prohibited from operating an OHV on public lands or designated riding areas unless they are taking a prescribed safety training course and operating under the direct supervision of a certified instructor.
Street Use: Converting a Dirt Bike to Street-Legal
Converting a dirt bike to be street-legal in Maryland is challenging due to state regulations. Maryland does not allow the registration of off-road motorcycles for street use if the title or Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) designates them as off-road only.
Alternative Registration Methods:
Some riders explore registering their dirt bikes in states with more lenient laws, such as South Dakota or Vermont, and then transferring the registration to Maryland. However, this process may involve additional steps and fees, and success is not guaranteed.
Required Equipment for Street-Legal Conversion (if possible):
If eligible for registration, the following equipment is typically required:
- DOT-approved headlight with high and low beams.
- Taillight with brake light function.
- Rearview mirrors (one on each side).
- Turn signals (front and rear).
- Horn audible from at least 200 feet.
- Speedometer and odometer.
- DOT-approved tires.
- Muffler to comply with noise regulations.
- Chain guard.
Title and Registration:
- Obtain a title from the Maryland Motor Vehicle Administration (MVA).
- Register the bike with the Maryland MVA.
- Submit the necessary forms and documentation to the Maryland MVA.
Inspection:
- Have the bike inspected by a licensed inspection station to ensure it meets all safety and emissions standards.
Insurance:
- Secure liability insurance for the bike.
License Plate:
- Affix a valid Maryland license plate to the bike in a visible and unobstructed manner.
Where You Can Ride
Off-Road:
- Private Property: Riding on private property is permitted with the landowner’s consent.
- Public Lands: Riding on public lands is allowed only in designated areas and trails. Maryland has several OHV trails and parks where off-road riding is permitted.
On-Road:
- Permitted Roads: Operation of off-road motorcycles on public roads is generally prohibited unless the bike has been converted to meet street-legal requirements and is properly registered and insured.
- Crossing Roads: Off-road dirt bikes may cross public roads at a 90-degree angle during daylight hours, provided they come to a complete stop and yield to oncoming traffic.
Rider Requirements
- License: A valid driver’s license with a motorcycle endorsement is required to operate a street-legal dirt bike on public roads.
- Helmet Use: Riders under 18 must wear a DOT-approved helmet; helmet use is recommended for all riders.
- Insurance: Liability insurance is mandatory for all street-legal vehicles in Maryland, including dirt bikes.
Penalties for Non-Compliance
Failure to adhere to Maryland’s dirt bike laws can result in:
- Fines: Monetary penalties for unregistered or improperly equipped vehicles.
- Impoundment: Unauthorized vehicles may be impounded by law enforcement.
- License Suspension: Operating without a valid license or insurance can lead to suspension of driving privileges.
Relevant Maryland Laws and Agencies
- Maryland Department of Natural Resources (DNR): Handles OHV registration and manages public lands and designated OHV trails.
- Maryland Motor Vehicle Administration (MVA): Handles vehicle titling, registration, and licensing.
- Maryland Code, Transportation Article: Outlines motor vehicle laws, including those pertaining to dirt bikes and off-road vehicles.
Start your street-legal process today with Dirt Legal.
