Off-Road Use: Registration Requirements
In Virginia, dirt bikes are classified as off-highway vehicles (OHVs) and must be registered with the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) if operated on public lands or trails. Registration is valid for one year with a fee around $15. Proof of ownership such as a bill of sale and a completed application are required. Additionally, all riders under 16 years old must complete an approved OHV safety education course before riding on public lands.
Virginia requires riders under 18 to wear a helmet and eye protection when operating an OHV. Helmet use is strongly recommended for riders 18 and older.
Street Use: Converting a Dirt Bike to Street-Legal
Converting a dirt bike for street use in Virginia is permitted but requires compliance with federal and state regulations.
Conversion Requirements:
- Title and Registration:
- Obtain a Virginia Certificate of Title through the DMV.
- Register the bike as a motorcycle and obtain a license plate.
- Obtain a Virginia Certificate of Title through the DMV.
- Required Equipment:
- DOT-approved headlight with high and low beams.
- Taillight with brake light function.
- Front and rear turn signals.
- Rearview mirror(s).
- Horn audible from at least 200 feet.
- DOT-approved street tires.
- Muffler compliant with noise regulations.
- Speedometer and odometer.
- DOT-approved headlight with high and low beams.
- Inspection:
- Pass a safety inspection at an authorized Virginia inspection station.
- Pass a safety inspection at an authorized Virginia inspection station.
- Insurance:
- Maintain liability insurance as required for street-legal motorcycles.
Where You Can Ride
- Off-Road:
- Private Property: Riding is allowed with landowner permission.
- Designated Trails and Parks: Virginia offers designated OHV trails and areas that may require permits.
- Private Property: Riding is allowed with landowner permission.
- On-Road:
- Riding on public roads is only legal if the dirt bike meets street-legal conversion requirements and is properly titled, registered, and insured.
Rider Requirements
- License:
- A valid Virginia driver’s license with a motorcycle endorsement or a motorcycle-only license is required to operate a street-legal dirt bike on public roads.
- A valid Virginia driver’s license with a motorcycle endorsement or a motorcycle-only license is required to operate a street-legal dirt bike on public roads.
- Helmet Use:
- Riders under 18 must wear a DOT-approved helmet. Riders 18 and older are not required by law but are strongly encouraged to wear helmets.
- Riders under 18 must wear a DOT-approved helmet. Riders 18 and older are not required by law but are strongly encouraged to wear helmets.
- Eye Protection:
- Riders must wear eye protection if their motorcycle does not have a windshield.
- Riders must wear eye protection if their motorcycle does not have a windshield.
Penalties for Non-Compliance
Failure to comply with Virginia’s dirt bike laws can result in:
- Fines: For unregistered vehicles, improper equipment, or operating without a license.
- Impoundment: Non-compliant vehicles may be impounded.
- License Suspension: Operating without proper insurance or licensing can lead to suspension of driving privileges.
Relevant Virginia Laws and Agencies
- Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV): Handles vehicle titling, registration, and licensing.
- Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources (DWR): Oversees OHV permits, safety courses, and designated riding areas.
- Virginia Code Title 46.2: Contains statutes related to motor vehicles, including motorcycles and OHVs.
